Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference ―Science, Technology and Culture in the Era of Globalization‖ (December 24-26, 2025) / Publisher website: www.naukainfo.com. – Geneva, Switzerland, 2026. – 234 p.

195 north-facing orientations are recommended only at low tilt angles due to low efficiency. Fig. 1. Optimal Solar Panel Orientation for Maximized Energy Production. (Image developed by the author) The economic assessment confirms the high feasibility of developing rooftop PV systems in Ukraine: the cost of electricity production can be less than 6.5 euro cents per kWh, which is significantly lower than the average rates of conventional generation sources such as coal, gas or nuclear power. This creates favorable conditions for the active deployment of rooftop solar technologies in various regions. Comparison of the obtained results with local assessments demonstrates their high reliability. For example, in the city of Zhytomyr, the RTPV potential was estimated at 846 MW, exceeding official local figures. Similarly, the potential in Energodar is approximately 74 MW, and in Ladyzhyn, 3.9 MW for municipal buildings. These data confirm the growing recognition of the importance of rooftop PV in local energy systems [8]. The development of distributed generation in the form of rooftop photovoltaic systems contributes to enhanced energy resilience and autonomy, which is