Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference ―Science, Technology and Culture in the Era of Globalization‖ (December 24-26, 2025) / Publisher website: www.naukainfo.com. – Geneva, Switzerland, 2026. – 234 p.

48 affecting large populations and infrastructure [2,6]. Unlike other emergencies, floods are difficult to prevent, but timely detection can significantly reduce losses [3,7]. Effective monitoring allows authorities to implement rapid response measures, minimize human casualties, and reduce economic damage [3]. Therefore, developing models for rational placement of monitoring posts is a critical scientific and applied problem in emergency management [4,8]. Previous studies have addressed flood prediction and risk assessment; however, systematic models for optimal placement of monitoring posts remain underdeveloped [5,9]. Current research emphasizes the need for classification of floods by social and ecological impact, rational use of flood-prone areas, and systematic planning of preventive and emergency measures [1,6,8]. Climate change and urbanization of river valleys are expected to increase both the frequency and severity of floods, further highlighting the importance of this research [2,7]. Consider a river section R and the adjacent territory S 0 subject to flooding. The goal is to determine the minimal number and optimal locations of monitoring posts: stationary posts F R,i, , i = 1,…, N' and mobile posts M R, j, j = 1,…, N''. Monitoring posts should ensure that the reconstructed water level surface Wr'(x, y) approximates the true scenarios within a specified tolerance ε. The model allows for rational distribution of monitoring posts in both stationary and mobile configurations. The resulting network provides sufficient spatial coverage to detect flood events promptly. By constructing the water level surface Wr' (x, y), authorities can anticipate flood progression and implement early warning strategies. The approach also enables adaptive deployment of mobile posts in high-risk areas, optimizing resource allocation and improving emergency response efficiency. The main objective of this study is to determine the minimal number and optimal locations of monitoring posts to provide timely detection of floods. Both stationary and mobile posts are considered. The territory under observation includes areas suitable for placement as well as prohibited zones. Historical data and statistical scenarios of water level rise are used to evaluate the coverage and effectiveness of the proposed monitoring network [3,5,8].