Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference ―Modern Science: Challenges and Perspectives‖ (February 9-11, 2026) / Publisher website: www.naukainfo.com. - London, United Kingdom, 2026. - 121 p.

110 presenting cells [9]. Activation of the CD30 signaling pathway leads to activation of the nuclear factor NF-κB (a protein complex of transcription factors that regulates DNA transcription, cytokine production, and cell survival), both through activation of tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and via TRAF2- independent pathways. Depending on the type of cells involved and the specific signaling pathways activated, this may suppress effector cell activity, stimulate apoptosis, or promote cell survival [10,11]. The diagnosis of EBV-associated neoplastic diseases is based on a comprehensive clinical evaluation, determination of serum IgM and IgG antibody titers to EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA), early antigen (EA), and nuclear antigen (NA) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), serial measurement of EBV DNA concentration (viral load) in plasma, and histological examination of biopsy material with the use of immunohistochemical and molecular genetic tests. Computed tomography (CT) of the brain, chest, abdominal organs, and pelvis (depending on the type of LPD and the localization of the neoplastic process) is mandatory. Following multidisciplinary consultation, a decision was made to initiate antiviral therapy with valacyclovir at a dose of 1000 mg three times daily for 21 days, followed by suppressive dosing of 500 mg three times daily for one month. Subsequent episodes of EBV reactivation were not accompanied by LAP, suggesting the effectiveness of the treatment. A Cochrane review of seven randomized controlled trials of acyclovir and its derivatives confirmed that viral replication decreased during antiviral therapy; however, the antiviral effect was short-lasting after discontinuation of treatment. Treated patients showed a mean reduction of five days in time to clinician-assessed clinical recovery and a mean reduction of nine days in the duration of LAP. Nevertheless, due to wide confidence intervals, the authors of the Cochrane review concluded that the therapeutic efficacy of these antiviral agents in infectious mononucleosis has not been proven [12].