Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference ―Modern Science: Challenges and Perspectives‖ (February 9-11, 2026) / Publisher website: www.naukainfo.com. - London, United Kingdom, 2026. - 121 p.

111 In light of these findings, antiviral therapy should not be routinely prescribed for uncomplicated EBV infection; however, it may be considered in patients with severe disease and an increased risk of developing lymphoproliferative disorders. In our opinion, antiviral therapy, by reducing the viral load, decreases the risk of proliferation. Although EBV infection is usually a self-limiting disease, therapeutic and preventive studies are justified because of its immediate and long-term complications: persistent fatigue in 9–22% of patients; a risk of central nervous system disorders 6 months later ranging from 1–18%; and, in addition to a 2–3-fold increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis, an elevated risk of other autoimmune disorders and EBV-positive Hodgkin lymphoma [12]. In our clinical case, we applied the following algorithm: thorough clinical examination of the patient every 4–6 months and dynamic follow-up of her general clinical condition, growth, and development. This approach minimized the need for imaging studies and repeat lymph node biopsies. Conclusion. Since the presence of CD30 may indicate both reactive changes and a malignant process, including Hodgkin lymphoma, a comprehensive approach to the longitudinal analysis of histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic data is recommended. Antiviral therapy (valacyclovir) had a positive effect in this patient, particularly in terms of symptom regression and accelerated recovery. Given the ambiguous efficacy of antiviral therapy, the decision to initiate treatment should be made by a multidisciplinary team, taking into account all potential factors and risks for the individual patient. Monitoring of the clinical condition and laboratory parameters is essential for early detection of possible complications or disease recurrence, particularly in children with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy. This enables timely adjustment of therapy and prevention of adverse outcomes. If symptoms of persistent lymphadenopathy persist, repeat biopsy is recommended.