Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference ―Science, technology and art in global context‖ (October 14-16, 2025) / Publisher website: www.naukainfo.com. – Warsaw, Poland, 2025. - 72 p.

23 territory of Southern Ukraine. During this time, the processes of institutionalization of the legal profession were taking place, professional unions and associations of lawyers were being created, and corporate ethics and systems of legal protection for the population were being formed. The reforms of the 1860s–1870s, in particular the Judicial Reform of 1864 , marked a qualitatively new stage in the development of justice in the Russian Empire, of which Ukraine was then a part. The establishment of the institution of sworn attorneys (advocates) made it possible to lay the foundations of a professional Bar based on self-governance, independence, and professional ethics [4]. After the adoption of the Judicial Statutes of 1864 , sworn attorneys began to appear in the provincial courts of Southern Ukraine. They operated under the judicial chambers, which served as appellate instances and supervised advocates’ professional activities. The Odesa Judicial Chamber (founded in 1869) became one of the most influential centers of advocacy in Ukraine. It hosted the first society of sworn attorneys, which united lawyers from various provinces — Kherson, Bessarabia, and Tavria. Odesa held a leading position in the development of advocacy not only because of its active judicial practice but also due to the presence of a university that trained legal professionals [1]. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, sworn attorneys began to establish advocates’ councils, collegia, and professional unions, which performed self- regulatory and disciplinary functions. Their main objectives were:  protection of advocates’ professional rights;  maintenance of high ethical standards;  mutual assistance among members;  promotion of legal awareness among the population. In the 1890s, the Society of Sworn Attorneys of the Odesa Judicial Chamber operated, having its own statute, disciplinary commission, and mutual aid fund. Similar organizations gradually appeared in Mykolaiv, Katerynoslav, and Kherson,